EXAM 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

EXAM 2 - Essay Example Therefore, the value of a product is subjective to the buyer. Cost-based pricing on the other hand, entails setting the price of products based on the production cost, the cost of distributing the product, costs incurred in selling the product and the suitable rate on return expected by the company to cater for risks involved and the effort put in. It involves designing a great product, determining the cost of the product and then setting the price of the product based on the incurred costs. This method of pricing has the strength of enabling the company to harvest much profit by making greater sales due to smaller margins. It is, therefore, suitable for mass production. Just as value based pricing, it also has a weakness of not factoring in the relationship between demand and price and the consumer value (Ferrell, & Hartline, 2010). Currently, Microsoft Company is pricing its products and services using cost-based pricing method due to rising competition and serious downturn. Prices have been cut of various fronts to realize lower margins on products ranging from flagship Windows and Microsoft office products and services such as the newfangled internet. This is aimed at boosting the sales of the existing products as well as making quick headway with the new products. This has helped in minimizing piracy on the products and services. This method, therefore, does not consider break-even analysis in pricing since it is not value-driven but is rather, product-driven. However, it helps the company is coping with the rates of piracy by increasing sales in piracy regions such as China. Skimming is the introduction of a product or service at a high initial price by targeting the cream revenues in layers from the market. Penetration, however,is the setting up of prices of products and services initially at low values in order to penetrate the market easily and faster. The

Answer 3 questions about Early World History Essay

Answer 3 questions about Early World History - Essay Example These two societies were relatively egalitarian and full of barbaric laws. In terms of geographical factors, they lacked natural borders, materials, and experienced irregular flooding. I believe that intermittent natural flooding would result in stagnation as well as retardation in the plant growth which would eventually lead small harvest from the agricultural farms. They highly depended on foreign natural resources, meaning that they could not support their leadership from within. I believe that this affected their political systems due to external shocks originating from those societies or nations they relied upon for foreign support. They had a lot of cultural variations leading to political instability, and this is because the change in culture meant that they ended up having different cultural views and opinions, hence minimal unity among the society members. In these companies, they have a life where an individual lived for the moment. In other words what I mean is that they had no hopes for the future, and for this reason they could consume as well as exhaust all that they had for the purpose of maximizing their satisfaction. There are other factors that also led to the weak political unity in the two societies and these included gender roles and religious ideas and functions. For the case of sex roles, these communities lacked gender roles that got defined and well structured for the purpose. I believed that well defined and structured gender roles play significant roles towards the political unity of any society. I mean that, when a society has well-defined gender roles, the two gender of the society plays their distinct role, which exhibit forms of specialization and division of labor, leading to an increase in the general production. By specializing in gender roles, be it in agriculture or other economic